Interdependent Pairs

What?

In our experience, unstable or unpredictable situations emerge from a framework of Interdependent Pairs. Examples include centralization or decentralization, long-term or short- term decisions, collaboration or independent work, optimizing the whole or the part. Barry Johnson, in his Handbook of Polarity Management: Identifying and Managing Unsolvable Problems, describes these pairs as polarities.

In a complex system, multiple polarities are at play at the same time, and they interact to make things even more complicated. Rarely do you operate at either extreme end of any pair. In less complex times, you could use phrases like either/or to describe a challenge or a decision. Then there was a recognition of the interdependent nature of some of these extremes in these polarities, and the movement was toward using both/and language. In highly complex systems, however, the more realistic picture is that the final critical factor actually lies along a continuum between the two extremes. The next wise action for anyone is dependent upon the unique factors present in a given situation.

Additionally, in complex systems, another sources of uncertainty lies in the fact that multiple polarities exist and are interdependent with each other. A movement along one pair to resolve one challenge can lead to radical transformation along another pair and create new, unintended challenges.

So What?

Leaders can use this model and method to explore the Interdependent Pairs that contribute to their own sticky issues. By looking at the dynamics of the patterns that shape their greatest challenges, leaders can identify the factors that are at play and the degree to which they influence each other. Issues like speed and quality make up one interdependent pair that any manufacturing leader has to consider. In todays competitive market, you cannot always afford to sacrifice quality for volume, but the tension always arises. Neither can you afford to take too much time creating the highest quality products. And its impossible to have both! An item can be mass produced or it can be highly crafted over time. Its impossible for one item to have both. Another pair that challenges manufacturers is the idea of whether an item is intended for a single use or for longer lasting service. In issues of sustainability, this Pair becomes crucial.

So as a decision maker, you have to make a judgment about what is most fit for function at any given point in time. Mass produced, simple products that are for single use may not require the same level of quality that is required in an item that is intended to last a lifetime.

This is a pretty classic example of Interdependent Pairs, and its relatively simple to consider. The challenge for you, as a leader, is to look more deeply into your systems sticky issues to identify the Interdependent Pairs that shape your challenges. Then, to use that understanding to inform your strategies and tactics.